What Is a Molotov Cocktail

A Molotov cocktail is a simple type of improvised incendiary device.  A Molotov cocktail is also known as a petrol bomb, alcohol bomb, bottle bomb, poor mans grenade, or simply Molotov. The simplest form of the device consists of a stoppered bottle filled with a combustible liquid, such as gasoline or high-proof alcohol, with a fuel-soaked rag stuffed in the neck of the bottle. The stopper separates the fuel from the part of the rag that acts as a fuse. To use a Molotov cocktail, the rag is ignited and the bottle is thrown against a vehicle or fortification. The bottle breaks, spraying fuel into the air. The vapor and droplets are ignited by the flame, producing a fireball and then a burning fire, which consumes the remainder of the fuel. Molotov Ingredients The key ingredients are a bottle that will shatter on impact and a fuel that is sufficiently flammable to catch fire and spread when the bottle breaks. While gasoline and alcohol are the traditional fuels, other flammable liquids are effective, including diesel, turpentine, and jet fuel. All alcohols work, including ethanol, methanol, and isopropanol. Sometimes detergent, motor oil, polystyrene foam, or rubber cement are added to make the mixture stick better to the target or cause the burning liquid to release thick smoke. For the wick, natural fibers, such as cotton or wool, work better than synthetics (nylon, rayon, etc.) because synthetic fibers typically melt. Origin of the Molotov Cocktail The Molotov cocktail traces its origins to an improvised incendiary device that was used in the 1936 to 1939 Spanish Civil War in which General Francisco Franco had Spanish Nationalists use the weapons against Soviet T-26 tanks. In World War II, the Finnish used the weapons against Soviet tanks. Vyacheslav Molotov, the Soviet Peoples Commissar for Foreign Affairs claimed in radio broadcasts that the Soviet Union was delivering food to the starving Finns rather than dropping bombs on them. The Finns started referring to the air bombs as Molotov bread baskets and to the incendiary weapons, they used against the Soviet tanks as Molotov cocktails. Revisions to the Molotov Cocktail Throwing a flaming bottle of fuel was inherently dangerous, so modifications were made to the Molotov cocktail. The Alko corporation mass-produced Molotov cocktails. These devices consisted of 750 ml glass bottles that contained a mixture of gasoline, ethanol, and tar. The sealed bottles were bundled with a pair of pyrotechnic storm matches, one on either side of the bottle. One or both of the matches were lit before the device was thrown, either by hand or using a sling. The matches were safer and more reliable than the fuel-soaked cloth fuses. The tar thickened the fuel mixture so that the fuel would adhere to its target and so the fire would produce a lot of smoke. Any flammable liquid could be used as the fuel. Other thickening agents included dish soap, egg whites, sugar, blood, and motor oil. The Polish army developed a mixture of sulfuric acid, sugar, and potassium chlorate that ignited upon impact, thus eliminating the need for a lit fuse. Uses of Molotov Cocktails The purpose of a Molotov is to set a target on fire. The incendiaries have been used by regular soldiers in the absence of conventional weapons, but more often they are used by terrorists, protesters, rioters, and street criminals. While effective at instilling fear in targets, Molotov cocktails present a significant risk to the person using them.

Public Display Of Affection Essay - 1348 Words

Public displays of affection are physical acts used to demonstrate intimacy between people. The standard for acceptable displays of affection varies depending on the context. An act that is performed in private at ones own residence can be seen as disrespectful or promiscuous if performed in a public sphere. Therefore, public displays of affection are largely based on culture and the context in which the acts are performed. This paper will create a discussion about public displays of affection in the Western World and other countries, how public displays of affection come in many forms, and how public displays of affection are received/interpreted in different groups. In much of the Western World, it is very common to see people hugging,†¦show more content†¦With some accounts of children only seeing their parents kiss once or twice in decades.This is similar to how some emblems have distinct meanings in separate cultures. In both India and Eastern Asia performing public displays of affection would be going against traditional values, however, as time goes on the younger generations are deviating from this view and an increase in acceptance of public displays of behavior is being observed. Of course, this is merely an observation, every relationship is different and the interactions among those involved are not defined by generalizations of culture, gender, or race. I refer to public displays of affection as a loose norm because they are largely contextual and dependent on the individuals interpretation of the act. As a result, public displays of affection come in various forms and hold multiple meanings. As males and females enter adolescence the importance of relationships outside of one’s immediate family grows and value is appointed to others. During our adolescence, we are developing our self-image and our beliefs are being shaped by our interactions. Boys tend to have a more difficult time adjusting to public displays of affection due to boys being raised in an environment in which showing vulnerability and intimacy is looked down upon while girls are raised in a manner which supports the formation of bonds and sharing of emotions. PublicShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Citadel1279 Words   |  6 Pagesor showing any type of unmanly emotion. As a whole, the public does not realize that society has a tremendous impact on the actions of men. Because of these expectations held, men are forced to become the image that the world views as proper. Using James C. Scotts essay, Domination and the Arts of Resistance, and Susan Faludis, The Naked Citadel, the connection between the image that men are expected to maintain by the general public and the behavior of the cadets at the Citadel is revealedRead MoreAffects of Magazine Articles1073 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Persuasive Essay Magazine advertisement sends unhealthy signals In todays society the media implicates the basic idea of the perfect woman to be skinny and beautiful. But what is beautiful? Magazines everywhere promote the latest style and the way you should look to be what is considered â€Å"normal† or acceptable. Young girls should not have to worry about the clothes they wear and if it’s the next best thing just because the model on the cover said so. If you look on any clothing magazineRead MoreThe Ethics Of Living Jim Crow865 Words   |  4 Pagesare effected through campaigns such as â€Å"Black Lives Matter.† After reading the two essays and doing a little research on Jim Crow, it was extremely evident how those laws deeply affected those affected by them and I still see this as an issue today. I think that it is crucial to understand that these laws indirectly still affect people to this day, even after being abolished years and years ago. In Richard Writes essay, The Ethics of Living Jim Crow: an Autobiographical Sketch, we see him struggle justRead MoreThe History and Patterns of Interracial Marriage and Families in the United States1229 Words   |  5 PagesLovings, aided by the American Civil Liberties Union, who able to overturn the law, arguing that it violated their Fourteenth Amendment rights. Different generations within the US public have very differing views of interracial couples, usually a polarized view of either cultural conservatism or egalitarianism. But the public at large has still yet to overcome the taboo, part of the reason behind the currently small rates of interracial marriages. Even though, since the courts decision, America hasRead MoreThe Central Concerns of the Antony and Cleopatra by William Shakespeare1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe Central Concerns of the Antony and Cleopatra by William Shakespeare This essay will look at two of the central concerns in Antony and Cleopatra, namely reason versus passion and the public versus private domains. These two central concerns of the play are clearly illustrated in the extract we are provided with. I will mainly focus on the character of Antony in this essay as it is within him that these two concerns of the play are most evident. In the beginningRead MoreWhy Marriages Fail880 Words   |  4 PagesKyree Pope Courtney Harned ENGL 101 22 April 2013 Cause/Effect Critical Response Essay Anne Roiphe, Why Marriages Fail â€Å"Happily ever after† and â€Å"Till death do us part†, expressions such as these are losing their meaning due to increasing divorce rates. Close to one-half of all marriages are destined for divorce, which is the cause of 42 percent of children growing up in single parent homes. In every failed marriage or relationship, there are commonRead More Looking at a Woman1448 Words   |  6 Pagescertain way. In his essay â€Å"Looking at Women,† Scott Russell Sanders analyzes how men often perceive women as objects because of their indecent wardrobe and their willingness to put their bodies on display. In her essay â€Å"Why Women Smile,† Amy Cunningham explains the value of a smile and how it does not always reflect how a woman is truly feeling on the inside. Both essays spend much time looking at women and how they are under the constant scrutiny from those around them. What the essays of Sanders andRead MoreGender Inequality In Hamlet1261 Words   |   6 Pagesaround her. Such incompetence is shown during the interaction between Polonius and Ophelia when the two characters discuss the credibility of Hamlet’s love. When Ophelia believes Hamlet is displaying true affection towards her, Polonius scoffs at her words, even criticizing for her naivety: â€Å" ‘Affection, puh! You speak like a green girl Unsifted in such perilous circumstance’ † (I.III. 110-1). Upon Polonius’s statement, Ophelia becomes bewildered, saying she is unable to decide what to believe. Then referringRead MoreIndonesian Culture And Nursing : The Republic Of Indonesia1269 Words   |  6 Pagestheir normal routines as much as possible and to feel comfortable decreases stress, which enables healing. It is hard to be respectful of another’s beliefs without first having an accurate data base of information about said person’s beliefs. This essay outlines detailed information about several different aspects of Indonesia n culture including; family patterns, communication, space and time, nutritional patterns, health beliefs and practices, spiritual practices, and biological variations. FamilyRead MoreCulture Shock1188 Words   |  5 PagesCulture Shock Essay The United States of America is a country in which many people from all over the world come to live together. Unlike Canada, which is a multicultural country, it is a melting pot since each person brings his/her own peculiarity to enrich the culture of this country. But this melting pot process is not always without problems. When people from other countries come to America, they may experience some form of culture shock. Culture

Descriptive Paragraph Free Essays

This lesson is just the tip of the iceberg. There is so much more to learn and so many other ways this can be applied to your life. There are different systems that bring quicker results for different things. We will write a custom essay sample on Descriptive Paragraph or any similar topic only for you Order Now So do yourself a favor and check out†¦ http://chosensecret. com If you would like to offer this book for free to your list or as a free bonus to your potential customers, please contact me, lance@chosensecret. com There is absolutely no charge and all links will point to your personal affiliate accounts for every program mentioned, including the Chosen Secret.Page 2 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Let’s face it, sex is great. There is nothing like good old fashioned – no holds barred – two sweaty bodies tearing up the sheets – no commitment sex. And what is really cool, is there are some real experts out there who can show you exactly how to get more than your fair share of this kind of sex. God bless these guys†¦ and girls for their wisdom and willingness to spread their knowledge on the subject. For many people this is what their goal is, and if this is what you’re looking for, then more power to you. In no way, shape or form do I look down at a person who ust desires sex without the relationship and commitment. In fact, I believe that everyone in the world has periods in their lives when this is exactly what they need.It’s what the doctor ordered, so to speak. I have placed a couple of links at the end of this book so that you can check them out. I feel that these are the best sites on that subject. On the other hand, there comes a time when almost everyone wants to settle down. This is also great, but this takes on a whole different role from that one night stand. I doubt that anyone here would disagree with the fact that we have all happily had ex with a female who was miles away from someone we would consider for a permanent relationship. Maybe she was beautiful, but she knew it and wanted everyone else to know it, too. Maybe she was a looker, but you had to get in line. Believe me, if you think that it is only guys that are looking for no commitment sex, you’re wrong. Plenty of women follow the 3 F’s rule. For whatever reason they may have been too dumb, too smart, too slutty, too uptight, too tall, too short, too fat, too boring, too wild†¦ Or God forbid you may have had the unfortunate experience of having a couple too many drinks the night before.Well, this book isn’t on the subject of scoring tonight with a different lady than you had last night or that you will have tomorrow. Actually, this book can work in conjunction with that type of mindset, but odds are you are going to have to look at things slightly differently than you have been. Page 3 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Here’s the thing: If you have been using the systems that are taught by the connoisseurs of one night stands, then you have been avoiding the whole idea of commitment like the plague. As I said earlier, if that’s your game or was your game, that is fine.And it is or was a lot of fun, I’m sure. But, for almost everyone there comes a time when settling down with that one special person weighs heavy on our heart. Gadz, that sounds kind of girlie, but I think you know what I mean. Knowing that someone special is going to be there for you when you’re sick, need help with something or†¦ maybe it’s just a steady piece of bone shaking ass that you are looking for. Whatever, you feel like it’s time to settle down. Here’s the problem: If you have been using the systems from the one night stand guru’s, you are probably a little jaded. You have just spent night after night with babe after babe.The claw marks on your back haven’t healed since you sat down and read the first chapter of their book. So as far as sex goes, you’ve been there and done that. But now you are playing a whole new game than you were before. Now you want a cutie all your own. So what would have been fine for a one night stand no longer holds true for your current undertaking. You want a steady partner, at least for a while, and maybe even longer, and dare I say it†¦ â€Å"a wife. † Okay, so the criteria that we used for our one night stand material is a little different than what we will end up using for a more serious relationship. It’s like he difference between a Big Mac hamburger and a dinner with all the trimmings at the finest restaurant in town. Both will take care of your appetite, but one of them you look forward to coming back to. You may have actually run across the perfect long term mate already. That little thing that you had sex with last night or last week or whenever it was might have been the perfect match for a long serious loving relationship. But you weren’t looking for that, so you probably wouldn’t have seen it even if she was the perfect match for you today. It’s possible that some of you are thinking that you wouldn’t ever want to consider woman that would hop into bed with you on the first night, especially as long term relationship material. But if this is your thinking, it may be time to step back and take another look. Page 4 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Consider these possibilities: 1. Just because she did sleep with you on the first meeting doesn’t mean that she makes a habit of it. 2. Just as you may have changed your outlook on sexual relationships, maybe she has, also. 3. If you have been using one of the better pickup systems that are offered online, then you are kind of taking it out of their hands.They could be very nice girls and would never have considered sleeping with a guy on first meeting. But you learned special techniques that overcame boundaries that she would normally have had in place. 4. Who says nice girls can’t have one night stands? It doesn’t mean that they are going to continue this action after they enter a real relationship. Now having said this, I am not recommending that you go hunt up past sex partners to see if they may be the one. Believe me, using my system you will not have to do that, nor do I feel that you should even entertain that thought. My only oint is that if you use my system and a past one night stand should end up being presented to you; don’t prejudge or assume you know who this person really is. Alright, so now we have established that you either have been, or are, or will be looking for more in a relationship. Before we move on I would like to bring up another point that I know a lot of guys are dealing with, and that is being â€Å"GUT SHOT. † After being gut shot a time or two, you tend to get gun shy. I understand, and that may have been when you decided to take up the one night stand approach to things. If no emotion is ttached, it is extremely easy to walk away with both testicles where they belong. But†¦ †¦If fear is what is keeping you from entering a meaningful relationship (and you truly want one) I can assure you that using my system and actually following each point will get you what you want, and you do not have to fear the possibility of being torn apart by some bitch tha t wasn’t right for you to begin with. In almost every case where I have seen the guy get beaten down by some babe, there were numerous telltale signs that the guy should have cut and run long before Page 5 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret hat fateful end. More often than not this should have happened within the first few dates. Here is some really good news for you, though. Using this system and adhering to the steps, you will not only bypass negative relationship possibilities, but you will for the most part be presented with only the best possibilities and opportunities to fulfill your desires. Page 6 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret One wish so make it count It’s the same old Friday night routine. Here you are getting ready to meet the guys at the club for a night of, â€Å"Who is going to out score who. † You mile at yourself in the mirror knowing that you are top dog and always take more than your share of trophies to bed. Still, it gets a little old. More and more you are thinking that it would be kind of nice to skip the constant game of one night stands. In the past when thoughts of settling down made their way to your conscious mind, you would blow them off with memories of last weekend’s successes. And there was the fact that you wouldn’t turn your back on your friends. But these anchors that have been keeping you in the game are starting to weaken and more and more you are thinking that a real relationship could e what you are really looking for. You pop the cap on a new bottle of â€Å"Egoiste Platinum,† and notice that your mirror is steaming up from the shower you just took. But as you go to wipe it off with a towel from around your neck, you find that the mirror is dry. You do a double take because right behind you in the mirror is the most beautiful woman you have ever seen. Startled, you whip around to look dead in the eyes of what could only be described as a goddess. She smiles. â€Å"So that is what you want? † she asks. You should be pretty tense about this whole situation. Where did she come from anyway?But, you feel incredibly relaxed and at ease. â€Å"Is what, what I want? † â€Å"Do you finally want to settle down with the woman of your dreams? Do you want the woman that can be everything that you desire? † â€Å"Do you want THE ONE? † â€Å"Well,† you stammer. â€Å"If I could find someone that was actually everything that I wanted, if she is really out there, then yes, I would like to find that woman. And yes, I would probably settle down. † â€Å"Then tell me what you want. If you could have one wish to get the woman of your dreams, tell me what she would be like. † She folds her arms and stares into your eyes as if she is looking into your soul.Page 7 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret â€Å"I want you,† you blurt out before you can even stop yourself. You can’t believe you just said that. It was definitely not following the rules taught from the pickup masters. She smiles even bigger and tells you, â€Å"That is very nice of you to say, but you don’t even know me† â€Å"And not only that,† she says â€Å"I’m not a girl. † â€Å"WHAT! † Now you are tense. You can’t believe that she†¦ â€Å"it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  How could the most beautiful woman you’ve ever seen not be a woman at all? But in this day and age you know what it means. She is a marvel of science. She must ave spent millions on surgery. â€Å"So you’re a guy? † you ask, still not believing it. Her arms quickly drop and she places her hands on her perfect hips. â€Å"No silly, I’m a Genie. † Oh thank God. It feels like a ton of bricks being lifted off your back†¦Wait a minute. That’s kind of weird, too. â€Å"So your name is Genie? † you ask. â€Å"No I am a Genie. My name is Dusty. † â€Å"So,† she goes on, â€Å"this is the way it works. You tell me exactly what you want in a woman and I will deliver her to you. But, I will need to know exactly what you are looking for. So go ahead and tell me. † â€Å"Well, I want her to be really beautiful. She will be nice and have a great ense of humor. † You stand there waiting for her to appear. Dusty looks at you in disbelief. â€Å"That’s it? I’m supposed to create the woman of your dreams from a description like that? † â€Å"Look† she says, â€Å"if you want me to place the woman of your dreams in your life I am going to have to know what you want. I can’t believe so many guys dream about having the woman of their dreams and can’t even tell me the color of her hair. † Page 8 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret â€Å"Blonde! † you blurt out, feeling proud of yourself. She doesn’t look as impressed as you had hoped she would. In fact, she ooks slightly disgusted with you. Finally, after a few seconds which seem like hours, she smiles and says, â€Å"Okay, you decide what you want. Don’t leave anything out and I will be back. Get it right because I won’t offer a second wish. † â€Å"Hey, wait a minute. I thought I got 3 wishes,† you say, feeling a little ripped off. â€Å"I’m not that kind of Genie. Get it right and you will live a life that is beyond your dreams. Once you think you have her perfect in every way, write your description on this piece of paper and I will be back. † In a blink she’s gone and a piece of ancient parchment paper floats in the air before you.You reach out and grab the paper just as it starts to fall. Wow, you can’t believe what just happened. There is no way you can tell anyone about this. They’ll think you’re crazy. You notice the phone is ringing and go to answer it. It’s your buddy Tom. â€Å"Why are you still home? † he asks. â€Å"I thought we were supposed to meet at 10:00,† you say, not feeling even slightly interested in talking to Tom. â€Å"That’s right,† he replies. â€Å"It’s midnight. Are you feeling okay? † â€Å"Yeah Tom, I feel fine, but I think I am going to skip it tonight. Maybe we can get together tomorrow. † Your mind is in a kind of haze and you can’t break it. Oh, I got you, buddy. † Tom says. â€Å"You already snagged one on the way to the club. That’s you, quick out of the gate. I’ll talk to you tomorrow, then. Have a great night. Bye. † The phone goes dead and you sit on the edge of your bed staring at the blank piece of paper. Page 9 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Every word and movement and facial expression that she made plays over and over in your mind. Suddenly you feel exhausted and lay back on your bed and close your eyes. What would the woman of your dreams really be like, anyway? Making it count When you open your eyes it’s morning.You can see the light coming through the window. You immediately think of Dusty and know it wasn’t a dream, even though your mind still can’t wrap itself around the idea. The paper lies on your nightstand staring blankly at you, waiting to produce your dream girl. About now you realize that you feel like you could starve to death if you don’t get some food in your belly. It’s 6:30 on a Saturday morning. You didn’t even know that they made 6:30 AM’s on Saturday mornings, yet you’re already dressed and on your way to the diner for some breakfast. Sausage, eggs, hash browns, toast and coffee will do the trick.All of a sudden it comes to you that it’s strange that you know exactly what you want for breakfast. You can visualize exactly what it will look like, taste like and smell like, but you can’t put your finger on what you really want in a mate who will be with you for possibly the rest of your life. You watch the waitresses moving around the diner as you wait for your breakfast and think to yourself, â€Å"Are any of these women the woman of my dreams? † You quickly arrive at the decision that none of them are what you are looking for. The tall one has a great build, but she’s a little older than what you normally go for.The young one is okay, but she also seems kind of grumpy. â€Å"She probably had one too many drinks the night before,† you think to yourself. Your waitress has nice full lips and an upbeat personality, but she’s on the plump side and that really isn’t what you are looking for, either. As you sip your coffee after breakfast, thinking about the night before, a thought slowly creeps into your mind. â€Å"It’s too bad you can’t combine all of them. Then you might have something. † Startled by this revelation, you jump up and quickly throw a tip on the table and head back to your apartment. This is the answer and you know it. You ear through your apartment door and†¦ Page 10 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret true Lessons In Reality It’s time to get real! Page 11 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Wouldn’t it be great to be able to create the woman of your dreams? I’m not talking about getting out your skill saw or a bag of play dough. I’m talking about creating your own living, breathing, soft, warm, real live girl. O I know it sounds a little bit out there, but I need you to keep your mind open. Right from the very beginning I need you to start thinking about what this creation will e. I’ve done it, and believe it or not, it’s a simple process that anyone can master, no matter what the situation. Are you asking yourself why then, if this is possible, doesn’t everyone have their dream babe? I know where you are coming from, because I’ve asked myself the same question. And the answer is simple. Most guys don’t know that they can do this. Even if they did know, they don’t really know what they want, anyway. So if you can have anything that you want in a mate, what will it be? Will she have blond hair and blue eyes? How about black hair and the softest brown eyes you’ve ever seen?How tall is she? Is she a tiny 5 feet tall, or a 6 footer with legs that climb to the back of her neck? Is she a super model or the librarian type? Will her every move scream sex or will she be subtle on the outside and tear you up in the bedroom when the lights go out? Come on, start thinking. If there are no limits†¦ (And there aren†™t) What will she be? You will notice a key point here in my wording. I said â€Å"what† will she be? Not â€Å"who† will she be? Don’t pick a certain person. Don’t try to out think the process. When you are doing your description it is fine to pick aspects of a certain person hat you like. But picking the name of someone who you already know or know of is not what this is about. You are in for a real treat because this is like nothing that you have ever seen before. This process has never been written of in any other dating book or how-to- pick-up-women book, because we’re looking for a long term relationship here, not a one night stand. As I stated above, I have nothing against one night stands. Dating gurus are teaching you how to eat bushels of apples, while I’m talking about growing one Page 12 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret ype of apple tree that offers the best fruit you’ve ever had. (Sometimes you have to eat a lot of apples to find out what your favorite apple tastes like. O) If you are looking at just getting laid by a different woman every night, then there are books, conferences and lecturers out there that can get you set up for this kind of life style, and some are very good at what they teach. In fact I have included a list of these resources at the end of this book. Something that is important for you to realize is that this book isn’t huge by any means, but the information is staggering and will completely change your life.It is also important that you don’t take this lightly or doubt its potential. Follow each step and I promise that without a doubt you will achieve the results that you are looking for. To create the woman of your dreams and make her a part of your life, your life may have to change in certain ways. Now those changes may be very significant or they may be slight changes. Sometimes it’s not necessary to make any changes at all. Some of the changes may be on the inside and some may be on the outside. But I promise you this: If it’s necessary for you to make any changes in your life in order to have the oman of your dreams, they will be positive and will do nothing but improve your life anyway, so why not? O Alright, at this point I guess it’s time to get started. Here is a big point that I will be making throughout this book: This isn’t theory, this isn’t new age, this isn’t B. S. and it most certainly isn’t speculation. The fact is: We create our own reality! And the woman of your dreams is no exception to this fact. This is backed up by science, religion and way too many actual cases to ever be considered coincidence. Page 13 Copyright 2006 The Chosen SecretNow for some of you this is going to be a no-brainer and for others this is going to be way over the top. Look, the same information that has made people billionaires (yes you read that right) is the same information that they have used to have everything that they want, including exotic cars, mansions, private jets, yachts and yes, the perfect bride. There is no limit. We are taking this information and morphing it just slightly to be used in a particular way that may not be common for even those that are aware of its potential. Believe it or not some people know this information and aren’t even aware of what hey know. Okay, so the first step to achieving what you want no matter what that is, is to really know what you want. I can just about guarantee that you don’t know what you want. You don’t really know what you want because you haven’t allowed yourself the freedom to really make that choice. Yes, undoubtedly you can tell me you want her to be beautiful and sweet. But that can mean a lot of different things to a lot of different people. Think of this process as placing an order. If you go to a clothing store and tell them you want a pair of jeans, are you going to get Levi’s, Wranglers, Lee’s or Calvin Klein’s?Well, we have the same thing going on here, other than there are infinite possibilities. So it’s up to you to tell the order taker exactly what you want. Right now it’s time to get out a piece of paper and start creating the girl that’s going to make your heart go pitter patter again. If you think that the pitter patters are long gone, trust me on this. They aren’t. It’s time to create the woman that will bring that back. Here are some of the questions that you need to answer in order to create a true blueprint of what you are looking for. First and foremost; do you really want to settle down (at least for awhile) with one pecial someone if she is everything that you are looking for? Page 14 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Before you just blurt out â€Å"YES,† think about it. As much as you are going to want someone who is committed to you, you are going to have to be committed to her or it will be a very short stint, and not a relationship at all. So if your answer is still â€Å"yes,† then start with the list of questions below. Add to them if you want, but don’t take from them. If something is mentioned that really doesn’t make any difference to you, still make a choice. For example: what color do you want her hair to be?If you really don’t care, still make a choice. Blonde, red, black, brown†¦and another thing is, even though there are probably more girls out there with brown hair, don’t try to hedge your bet by saying brown if you really want red. This isn’t that kind of system. There is no hedging of bets. Try your best to cover every point. Let’s start with her general make up. Does she have children? If so, are they living with her or not? If she does have children, do you prefer boys or girls? Does she like animals? This doesn’t make a huge difference other than the fact that she could have 9 dogs 17 cats and 4 pot belly pigs.If you don’t mind that, then cool. This shouldn’t be a huge thing to consider, but having a pet and having a zoo in her home are two different things. The only way that this should be a deciding factor is if you can’t stand pets and she has a house full of them or vise versa. What kind of lifestyle would you like her to be living? Do you see her as being kind of down on her luck and you are the knight in shining armor that saves her? Or is she middle class, upper middle class or someone who is extremely upper class and in the lime light of every social event that comes along? What does she do?Odds are you aren’t going to be sitting on a cold river edge baiting hooks together and betting who’s going to catch the biggest one that day if she is that high class lady mentioned above. Will she have an incredible education? I don’t think anyone is really looking for that half wit that we see on T. V. But to tell you the truth, it would be kind of intimidating to some men to be with a woman who has a far superior education and income. Page 15 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret All things as far as the way she liv es her life should be taken into consideration if it s something that could be important to you. Religion, cleanliness (is she a neat freak or a slob), does she let you spend time with the guys and does she want to spend time with the girls? Sexually, is she open or up tight? Is she into spanking you with a cat of nine tails? O Hey, for some guys this is supposed to be the thing. For others, me included, we can skip that. Is she into threesomes? The thought of that is pretty exciting, being snuggled down between your lovely new girl and her best friend Tosha. But what if it’s her that is snuggled down between you and her best friend Burt? That isn’t so appealing, now s it? So before you make a decision, be very clear about what it is that you are asking for. I don’t want to take this subject into never-never land, but you know what you like, so add it. Here is a big one that shouldn’t be skipped; â€Å"Personality. † This can make or break any relationship. I have met women that I thought were very attractive. On a physical scale they were real 10’s, but after revealing a personality that had a rating of a 1, that brought them right down to about a 3 and I wouldn’t touch them with a 10 foot pole. On the other side of the coin, I have met a few ladies that were 5’s or ’s that shine with incredible personalities and move right up the scale to 9’s and 10’s. Don’t underestimate the sexiness of a good personality. Take a 10 that is barking orders and acting like a real bi*** and she can become your worst nightmare. In our mind’s eye we get hung up on physical beauty. But I know for a fact that you aren’t imagining this goddess screaming at you with a red face and clenched teeth. No matter what your babe looks like, in your dreams realize that she has the potential to be everything that you don’t want if you don’t get all of the pieces in place. Will she be white, black or oriental or†¦ What floats your boat? How old will she be? Give a range here and whatever you do don’t say it doesn’t make any difference so long as†¦? The other thing is don’t make it ALL important Page 16 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret what your age is. While this does play a part, it shouldn’t be the only thing that you base your decision for age on. And use the head on top of your shoulders. Let’s just say for a minute that you are 45 or older and you are looking for a 18 to 23 year old mate. When you and your new babe jump out of bed in the morning, she throws on her oolest ghetto clothes while you slide into your Dockers. Next the two of you strap on the roller blades for a cruise through the park. The whole time you’re worried about falling down and breaking your leg, hip or face. You go home and get ready for work while she goes and visits with her friends. Undoubtedly some of those friends will be young guys in the prime of their lives. Not that she is fooling around, but it can be kind of tough on a guy’s ego. You put in a hard day and get home and she has managed to put together a nice dinner; charred steak, an undercooked baked potato and a can of corn. Mmm, mmm Good. ONow she feels that she should be rewarded for putting on such an incredible feast by getting a night of club hopping. She’s young and wild so you will have to be the designated driver. But that’s okay because you have to get up at 6 in the morning for an early day at work anyway. Luckily the bars close down by 3AM. When you do stay home and enjoy each other’s company, you recall the good old days in the 70’s and she tells you about the good times as a child in 1998†¦Oh the things you guys have in common. O I am not saying that you can’t have an incredible relationship with a young lady, and even a very young lady.But I am saying that it is more difficult and can be lonely for you and her. Let’s face it, if you are a middle aged or older guy, than it isn’t the stimulating conversations that attract you to a younger woman. It is that young firm body. Well, I have incredibly good news, guys. Middle aged and older women are really getting with it as far as taking care of themselves. Not all of them, but there are more and more older women that are the bomb (that is a good thing. ) Page 17 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret So here is my suggestion when deciding on the age of a woman.Consider an age range of 10 years younger and 5 years older than you. Look, if you took the age out of the equation and she was everything else that you were looking for, what difference would it really make? Okay, so far we have her living structure, sexual appetite, race and age. So now let’s go ahead a look at what she is going to be physically. Let’s start from the top and work our way down. We already covered hair color, but there can be a lot of other factors with hair. Length for example: Long (down to her butt. ) medium (the middle of her back) shoulder length or short. How do you see her?Will it be straight, wavy, curly or kinky? Now that was just hair. How about the color of her skin? Don’t think for a minute that you have that covered in the race category. Again, you have a lot of options. Just as an example, let’s say you picked a Caucasian woman. She can be very white, she can have a slight tan, and she can be olive or even have a dark tan. Of course her skin will be soft, but anything that you can add to your description will make it that much easier for your Genie to deliver. So add it. This is going to sound a little weird, but do you see her eyebrows as being thicker Katie Holmes) or thinner (Cameron Diaz) or very thin (Claire Forlani)? I know that us guys don’t think about things like that often, but every point of creation plays into its beauty. Her eyes: Wow, have you ever looked into a woman’s eyes and found yourself mesmerized? You know the old saying, â€Å"The eyes are the windows to the soul. † I have fallen in love with a beautiful woman’s eyes. Tell me you haven’t. O Page 18 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Eyes are not that easy to describe sometimes, but do your best. The important thing in all of your descriptions is that they make sense to you.And try not to leave anything to chance. The same applies to her nose. Will it be a little petite nose or more of a Roman nose like Barbara Streisand has or something in between? Lips are easy for me; it’s those lush plump pink lips that shine from a slow lick. For you it could be just the opposite, thin lips pursed to do some serious kissing. Even describe her teeth. Nobody wants snaggle tooth, but will she have large white teeth or tiny teeth? They can both be attractive. How do you see her smile? I have heard that a small gap between the front teeth is a sexy thing.Describe the shape of her face, her forehead, her cheek bones, her cheeks, and her chin. Try to describe it all. If you just think of a head as being round you might need to think a little harder. Go glue a set of eyes on a bowling ball and see how pretty that is. Page 19 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Building a Girl can be a lot of work. About now you might be thinking that this is a lot of work and isn’t really worth it. I know about writer’s block and a cramped writing hand, but we are talking about the most important decision you will ever make in your life.Do you really want to leave it to chance? Look, even if it takes you a week or two to put the whole description together, it’s worth it. If you get stuck in a certain area, then this is a great opportunity to go to a public place and check out the women. O As a woman walks by who has a positive aspect you might like your new mate to have, describe it to yourself. Better yet, take a pen and paper and write it down. Then go home and add it to your creation. Just please make sure to take the time to do it right. Another thing; sometimes it is easier to create a list of what we don’t want. It is mperative that you don’t add anything in anyway to your list that is negative. When you have completed your description it should be loaded with positives. For example, don’t say that she’s not short. Instead, say that she is tall. Okay so let’s get on with it. Just continue to work your way down. Don’t skip from the head to the shoulders – there is a neck in there, ya know. O So describe it. Next her shoulders, her arms, her back and breasts. You get the idea. Then her belly, waist, hips and butt. I think you know what comes next. Just continue on until you get every single detail that you can think of. This is your creation so ake her perfect. Now then, how tall will she be? Again I recommend a range, but you also have to keep in mind that you can make this hard on yourself, too. Let’s say you want to have a Thai wife. If you are Page 20 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret thinking of someone in the 6 foot range, you might be looking for awhile. God doesn’t make a lot of those. As I said earlier, don’t try to hedge your bet because you will get what you want. But at the same time, how long do you want to wait? If you are looking for a girl with one blue eye and one brown eye, this could take some time.Yes, there are babes out there that have this going on, but it is an oddity. Now you would probably think the next thing would be weight, but nope, that is something that I recommend you stay away from. Why, you ask? Well, because guys suck at this. And so do women. There are a lot of variables to consider. Here’s the thing; you can find a 5’3† girl that weighs 115 pounds and she can be a little flabby. On the other hand, you can find a 5’3† girl that weighs 130 pounds, and she can compete and win in a ladies’ body building competition. This same principle applies to breasts. I may not know what the bra size is, but I an imagine what those perky breasts are going to look like and I can describe them to where my mind understands it, also. So instead of putting a number on weight or breast size, just make sure that you have your desires covered in your physical description. So there you have it, a complete description of your new babe creation. I don’t care if you built your babe in a day or it took you a couple of months; it’s nice to finally know what’s in your future. O Let’s take this through a few more steps, though. It will make the delivery much quicker using these additional techniques. These next two are more mental rather han writing a description on paper. Let’s cover her voice. This is probably the most difficult part of your creation. Odds are you are not going to be able to write this description down. So here is what I recommend: Let your mind run through a situation where your lady says your name. For example, you try to get out of bed without waking her, but she opens her eyes and holds out her arms and says your name. What will her voice sound like? Once you have it you need to anchor this in your mind. You will be coming back to this often. I will explain why in a minute. So hear it a few times in as much detail asPage 21 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret possible, but most important is focusing on the voice. Load this into the data bank in your mind and don’t lose it. This next step is another little bit of a stretch, and that is to see her moving. For example: Walking through your front room, sliding into bed or making dinner. See her smiling, see her joking and laughing, see her giving you that sexy look. Whatever you can come up with, where she doesn’t just look like a computer rendering in your mind. Also imagine what she will be wearing. Style plays a big part in our perception of people.Again, you aren’t going to get her to clean fish in her evening gown and you aren’t going to get her to a dinner ball in a baseball cap, t-shirt, jeans and tennis shoes, either. But she can play both roles if that is what you wish. Okay, now back to the pen and paper. Write out a couple of events that you will share together. Special moments, and no, I am not talking sex, although you could add this if you want to, but I am just talking about special fun times where you are enjoying each other’s company. Here is another big one that will help the delivery system of your new babe. Add touch, written and mental.This would include holding her hand, feeling her breath on your neck as she whispers in your ear, and holding each other while you fall asleep. Imagine the feel of her hair running through your fingers, her lips against yours while you are embraced in a kiss. The idea here is to get our modalities working. Those of course are sight, sound, touch, taste and smell. Taste probably isn’t going to play that big of a role, but speaking of senses we need to add scent, and it’s very easy to do. Simply go to any department store and go through the ladies’ perfume. As far as anyone needs to know you are buying erfume for your girlfriend. Once you find the right scent that is appealing to you, buy it. Page 22 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Calling on Dusty Startled by this premonition, you jump up, throw a tip on the table and head back to your apartment. This is the answer and you know it. You tear through your apartment door and run to the bedroom to grab your sheet of paper from the nightstand where you left it. You quickly go to your desk and sit down; just before your pen touches the paper you realize that this is way too important to chance a first draft.So you pull a notebook from your top drawer and start making notes. You quickly describe the backs of her knees, the tattoo on her back and the shape of her ears†¦ There has to be a better way, you think. â€Å"Okay† you tell yourself, â€Å"I have to settle down or I will miss something important. I have to come up with a system to include everything and I have to take my time to make sure that I have it just right before I put one mark on the final paper. † You slowly and methodically write out the most complete description that you can muster up. As the hours whittle away you become caught up in who he is and how perfect it could all be if you just had the right girl†¦This girl. You have read back through your description countless times, making adjustments as you go, and you sometimes catch yourself day dreaming about the fun you will have together. It’s now early Sunday morning and you haven’t eaten or slept. You decide to catch a cat nap and then go get something to eat before you place anything on the real paper. You are a little worried about sleeping longer than you want, but you feel like you should at least get a little sleep. An hour later your eyes pop open and you feel fully refreshed but hungry, so ou head back to the diner and grab a bite of breakfast; pancakes with a side of ham and coffee. It seems strange, but now that you know exactly what you want, you don’t feel that other women are so important. Yeah, the desire for sex is still there, but you don’t feel that a â€Å"NO† would be that big of a deal now. Even for a seasoned pro like you, sometimes â€Å"No’s† are hard on the ego. Now if Page 23 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret you get a â€Å"No† from a little cutie, it makes no difference, she’s obviously not the one anyway. You start thinking that at this point you know before you even approach her hether or not it could be her. You smile; this could have given you a real edge when you were going for that one night stand. You quickly finish breakfast and don’t stay for the customary after meal cup of coffee, but head straight back to your apartment. You sit down with your notes in your favorite chair and read over them one last time. In your mind this is the perfect woman. If you could only find a woman like this you would settle down and be the happiest guy in the world. Feeling slightly tense, you pull the special paper out of your desk drawer and begin to copy your description onto the paper.At the end of the first page you realize that there is no way that you are going to get your whole description on one piece of paper. You flip the paper over to start on the back side and under it is another piece of parchment. By the time you are finished you have filled 6 sheets of parchment paper. You breathe a sigh of relief and shake out your hand from writer’s cramp. You read through your description to make sure you have made no mistakes. Now what? Dusty never gave you any directions on what to do once you finished, she just said she would be back. Hopefully that doesn’t mean 100 years to a Genie.You decide to make some coffee, but when you look up there is already a cup of coffee in front of you and Dusty is sitting on the other side, smiling. â€Å"I hope it’s the way you like it,† she says. â€Å"Let me see what you’ve written,† and before you can hand her the paper it appears in her hands. She scans the paper and her smile gets even bigger as she reads. You feel a little pink and warm around the collar. It never dawned on you that she might actually have to read it. What an idiot, you think to yourself. How else is she going to deliver the gal of your dreams if she doesn’t know who it is?Page 24 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret You nervously take a sip of coffee. WOW, killer coffee. The best you’ve ever had. You think to yourself that you should have added that she can make killer coffee to your description. Dusty finishes the last page and looks at you, smiling. â€Å"You did really well. Now I have 3 questions for you. † â€Å"First, is this what you really want? † â€Å"Yes,† you reply. â€Å"Okay,† she continues. â€Å"Second, do you believe that you will really have a person like this in your life? † Well, there is no doubt in your mind that this little sweetheart would be pecial, and you know that you would treat her right, and you really haven’t asked for anything that was way out of line. â€Å"I believe I can have her if she is delivered to me,† you answer. Dusty is looking straight into your eyes like she is reading your mind. â€Å"Now,† she says, â€Å"and this is important; do you really believe in your heart, body and soul that I can deliver this beautiful woman to you? It is crucial that you answer this last question honestly. † She continues to stare into your eyes. You think for a moment. You analyze what you know, that she appeared in your bathroom from steam and made paper appear from nowhere.Then she materialized in your house and created coffee out of thin air. Then she grabbed your papers without ever moving. Not to mention the multiplying paper. You quickly come to the conclusion that you have no reason in the world to doubt her. â€Å"Yes, I believe you can deliver her to me. † â€Å"That’s all that I needed to hear, she says. â€Å"Here are your papers. † As she hands you the papers, she closes her eyes and reaches forward to give you a kiss. It seems to you that she is longing to do this, but just as your lips are about to touch, she is gone. You look down at the papers in your hand and there are only two.One says â€Å"Universal Contract,† and the other is a set of instructions. Page 25 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Page 26 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Instructions Alright, you have created the exact details of what you want your babe to be. Now it’s time to start the process of manifesting her into your life. What you are going to do is create a contract with the universe. This would be much easier if you had Dusty, but that probably isn’t the case. I know this sounds ridiculous in a way, but I can tell you that it works.Use the example above if you want. You can change it around to be more comfortable for you. Whatever you do, don’t take this lightly, don’t look at it as a joke or a waste of time because any negative feelings that you have about this can render it useless. The number 1 rule is HAVE FAITH! And you will succeed. There will undoubtedly be times when you struggle with this; maybe you already have, but do your very best to stay positive and know that it will happen. As you create your contract I highly recommend that you do it by hand and use your best penmanship. Try to make it fancy if you want.When I wrote my own contract to find my perfect wife, I tried to make it look like an old legal document. If you are into calligraphy it makes it even better. The first thing to do is title it with â€Å"Universal Contract. † Then write out your opening. After that add all of the details, being certain not to skip anything just because your hand is getting tired. Then finish up with the closing statement. Always include a â€Å"This or better† phrase and also â€Å"For the greater good of all† phrase. And finally, Sign and Date your contract. Now that you have your contract written, put it in a safe place where it won’t get messed up.I keep my contracts (I write them for other things, too) in a special folder no one else sees. Page 27 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret What you don’t know is that from the moment you started this little project of creating the woman of your dreams, you were putting things into motion. But at this point it’s time to really blast your order out to the universe. This is not going to be an overnight process in most cases. Sometimes you will see results very quickly and other times in can take quite awhile. The speed at which you experience results is based primarily on 3 things. 1.Your true desire. 2. Your faith in the system working. 3. The reality of what you are asking for. Let me quickly explain. 1. If your desire for this woman isn’t strong enough (a 9 or 10 on a scale of 10) you will not get as good of a result as you might have if you looked at it as being â€Å"all important. † 2. I can’t stress enough how important it is to have faith. It is the blind faith scenario. We all have doubts sometimes as to how things are going to work out. But it is essential to your success that you KNOW that what you have asked for is on its way. You must try to stay positive and have complete and total faith as much s possible. 3. We talked about the reality factor of you’re asking for. Here’s the thing; if you live in a drafty one room cabin at the edge of a swamp and drive a rusted out ‘64 Ford pickup, going after the beautiful big city social light might be a little over the top. (I am not saying impossible, but very difficult. ) You might be better off focusing on the incredibly beautiful Peggy Sue instead of the elegant Tiffany. Let’s get back to the steps now that we need to take. This is a daily process. When you first wake in the morning, realize that this could be the day that you meet your lady.Just because it didn’t happen yesterday has no bearing whatsoever on what today will bring. Page 28 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Forget reading the paper or listening to the news with your morning cup of coffee. Instead get out your contract and read it. Just because you know what it says already doesn’t make any difference. Read it word for word, and even do it a couple of times. Also, you might read it out loud if you are in a place where you can do this. The spoken word has much power. If you find your mind wandering and you are thinking about her, it’s okay.This is a good thing. Just go with the flow. After you are done reading, it’s time to mentally go through the process. Remember, thoughts are things. Throughout time thoughts have played a very important role in the creation of everything that we have as human beings. If you did buy perfume, give a little shot of it in the air. Don’t blast the room; just give a hint of her fragrance as if she had just walked past you. Close your eyes and imagine some of the good times you will have. Maybe your first meeting, a special occasion, or standing together looking at the stars. Imagine he softness of her skin as you hold her, the touch of her hand, and her breath on your neck. Attach emotion to this. Imagine how happy you will feel sharing your time together, how proud you will be to have her at your side at company functions. Think of how envious your friends will be when they meet her. But she is all yours, true blue to the end. Once you have finished this process, put up your contract. You will go through this process at least twice a day. You will do this once in the morning and once every night. If by chance you can sneak in a mid day, that’s even better.Always try to clear your mind of the negatives that you may have built up during the day. The fact may be that you had a hard day, but it has no bearing on the way that you feel towards your soon-to-be mate. Next, take a few seconds at different times throughout the day and just realize that she is coming to you at this very moment. When you take these little reinforcement breaks, be aware that these thoughts are super charging the universal delivery system. Page 29 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Speaking of the Universal Delivery System, this falls in line with point number 3. You can’t sit in your cabin by the swamp and expect Peggy Sue to find you. You have to have delivery systems in place. Go out where there are people, become friends with as many people as you can, male and female. The places you go and the people you meet will all be part of the delivery system. There is no reason to change anything that you currently do unless you are a recluse. Otherwise, still go out and pickup on girls if that’s what you want to do. Party with the guys, do whatever you like doing. At the same time keep in mind that you never know if maybe she is watching you, o try not to be an ass in the process. O I could go much more into detail here, but I’m going to go ahead and close. Before I do, let me make one point that is very, very important. Please understand that I am in no way back-peddling from what I have already told you. But for just a moment, let’s say that you are having dinner and the waitress who is serving you has an incredible personality, she’s cute, she’s single and there seems to be something kind of butterfly-like going on in your stomach. You mentally go through your list and realize that she can’t be the one. Your lady has blonde hair and blue eyes. Jody, your waitress has brown hair and brown eyes. But gadz, they are the softest most beautiful brown eyes you have ever seen. STOP! You could be blowing it. In the universe there are powers that we don’t come close to understanding. Somehow, some way, the universe knows more about what we want than we do. This is covered in your contract by the â€Å"this or better† clause. Now there is no doubt in my mind that you can hold on and the universe will deliver exactly what you have on your contract. But that person could be going through a breakup right now and won’t be ready for the relationship that you have n mind for a year or two. So the universe found Jody. No, she isn’t blonde with blue eyes, but the universe pegged her as being your perfect match. And rarely will you find that the universe is wrong.Page 30 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret On the other side of the coin, just because someone matches your physical description doesn’t mean they are the one, either. But, trust me on this. You will know what is right and who is a special gift created just for you. Do You Want More? This small book is just a taste of all that is available at http://chosensecret. om. If you feel that there is more for you than the life that you are currently living, you are probably right. There is unlimited potential for wealth and happiness that you have not begun to even touch. Every person who has become wealthy has used the system that I teach to gain their wealth whether they were aware of it or not. If you would like to drive a new sports car every year, have multiple homes, a yacht and enough money in the bank to live comfortably for the rest of your life, then you owe it to yourself to check out the Chosen Secret at http://chosensecret. comPage 31 Copyright 2006 The Chosen Secret Health, Wealth and Love Can All Be Yours. http://www. ChosenSecret. com Once you learn this system Miracles will become a way of life. Here are a few great sites from the pick-up artists. If you haven’t heard of David DeAngelo Then you haven’t been looking at the process of how to pickup women for very long. This guy is the king of pickup artists and has opened the flood gates of babes for more guys out there then anybody else by miles. If you are into the one night stand scene his book is a must read. Go check it here now if not sooner. O http://affiliate. oubleyourdating. com/dt. asp? a=CD1149b=10o Here is a great program that is brand new and offers a lot of information from 11 different experts on the subject of getting the girl. It’s called â€Å"Instant Attraction† And you can get there by clicking here http://owuuta. davidk. hop. clickbank. net This one may be the best source in the world for top quality pick-up information. The prices are great and the information is top quality. I HIGHLY recommend that you give this site a good looking over. The science of attracting women. http://www. seductionscience. com/jump. php? a=2874 Wishing you the very best that life has to offer. How to cite Descriptive Paragraph, Essays Descriptive Paragraph Free Essays The purpose of descriptive writing is to make our readers see, feel, and hear what we have seen, felt, and heard. Whether we’re describing a person, a place, or a thing, our aim is to reveal a subject through vivid and carefully selected details. Each of the five paragraphs below responds, in its own way, to the guidelines in How to Write a Descriptive Paragraph. We will write a custom essay sample on Descriptive Paragraph or any similar topic only for you Order Now The writers (three of them students, two of them professional authors) have selected a belonging or a place that holds special meaning to them, identified that subject in a clear topic sentence, and then described it in detail while explaining its personal significance. In the following paragraph, observe how the writer moves clearly from a description of the head of the clown (in sentences two, three, and four), to the body (sentences five, six, seven, and eight), to the unicycle underneath (sentence nine). Notice also how the concluding sentence helps to tie the paragraph together by emphasizing the personal value of this gift. 1) A Friendly Clown On one corner of my dresser sits a smiling toy clown on a tiny unicycle–a gift I received last Christmas from a close friend. The clown’s short yellow hair, made of yarn, covers its ears but is parted above the eyes. The blue eyes are outlined in black with thin, dark lashes flowing from the brows. It has cherry-red cheeks, nose, and lips, and its broad grin disappears into the wide, white ruffle around its neck. The clown wears a fluffy, two-tone nylon costume. The left side of the outfit is light blue, and the right side is red. The two colors merge in a dark line that runs down the center of the small outfit. Surrounding its ankles and disguising its long black shoes are big pink bows. The white spokes on the wheels of the unicycle gather in the center and expand to the black tire so that the wheel somewhat resembles the inner half of a grapefruit. The clown and unicycle together stand about a foot high. As a cherished gift from my good friend Tran, this colorful figure greets me with a smile every time I enter my room. Here’s the final version of the descriptive paragraph that appears in the exercise Practice in Supporting a Topic Sentence with Specific Details. Compare this version with the earlier one to see which descriptions have been retained, what information has been omitted, and how sentences have been reworded and rearranged. 2) The Blond Guitar by Jeremy Burden My most valuable possession is an old, slightly warped blond guitar–the first instrument I taught myself how to play. It’s nothing fancy, just a Madeira folk guitar, all scuffed and scratched and finger-printed. At the top is a bramble of copper-wound strings, each one hooked through the eye of a silver tuning key. The strings are stretched down a long, slim neck, its frets tarnished, the wood worn by years of fingers pressing chords and picking notes. The body of the Madeira is shaped like an enormous yellow pear, one that was slightly damaged in shipping. The blond wood has been chipped and gouged to gray, particularly where the pick guard fell off years ago. No, it’s not a beautiful instrument, but it still lets me make music, and for that I will always treasure it. In the next descriptive paragraph, the student writer focuses less on the physical appearance of her pet than on the cat’s habits and actions. 3) Gregory by Barbara Carter Gregory is my beautiful gray Persian cat. He walks with pride and grace, performing a dance of disdain as he slowly lifts and lowers each paw with the delicacy of a ballet dancer. His pride, however, does not extend to his appearance, for he spends most of his time indoors watching television and growing fat. He enjoys TV commercials, especially those for Meow Mix and 9 Lives. His familiarity with cat food commercials has led him to reject generic brands of cat food in favor of only the most expensive brands. Gregory is as finicky about visitors as he is about what he eats, befriending some and repelling others. He may snuggle up against your ankle, begging to be petted, or he may imitate a skunk and stain your favorite trousers. Gregory does not do this to establish his territory, as many cat experts think, but to humiliate me because he is jealous of my friends. After my guests have fled, I look at the old fleabag snoozing and smiling to himself in front of the television set, and I have to forgive him for his obnoxious, but endearing, habits. The following paragraph opens the third chapter of Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts (Knopf, 1976), a lyrical account of a Chinese-American girl growing up in California. Notice how Kingston integrates informative and descriptive details in this account of â€Å"the metal tube† that holds her mother’s diploma from medical school. 4) The Magic Metal Tube by Maxine Hong Kingston Once in a long while, four times so far for me, my mother brings out the metal tube that holds her medical diploma. On the tube are gold circles crossed with seven red lines each–â€Å"joy† ideographs in abstract. There are also little flowers that look like gears for a gold machine. According to the scraps of labels with Chinese and American addresses, stamps, and postmarks, the family airmailed the can from Hong Kong in 1950. It got crushed in the middle, and whoever tried to peel the labels off stopped because the red and gold paint come off too, leaving silver scratches that rust. Somebody tried to pry the end off before discovering that the tube falls apart. When I open it, the smell of China flies out, a thousand-year-old bat flying heavy-headed out of the Chinese caverns where bats are as white as dust, a smell that comes from long ago, far back in the brain. How to cite Descriptive Paragraph, Essays

Be Careful, Misunderstanding by Different Cultures free essay sample

Be Careful, Misunderstanding by Different Cultures Have you ever visited another country and made many misunderstandings that you did not realize? Every country has its particular culture, and people can identify those cultures by different races, genders and nationalities. In addition, different races of people have their particular cultural backgrounds, and every different culture has its interesting parts. People benefit from learning other cultures; by doing that, they can improve their nations. However, when you go to visit in other countries, the culture’s difference can cause many misunderstandings between people. If you do not have the concept of different behavior from different culture or follow the culture when you are traveling, the local people would think you are impolite and you might get involved in a dangerous circumstance. I have been in the United States for three years. Sometimes I might have many misunderstands with others because I had not known that the behavior I was doing is impolite. We will write a custom essay sample on Be Careful, Misunderstanding by Different Cultures or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, I have gradually adapted to the culture, and I have observed that people act very difference comparing to my country. Therefore, if visitors who want to visit my hometown, Hong Kong; something you need to comprehend that can avoid the misunderstanding, and those are the ways of people’s conversations, the traffic regulations and their independences. First of all, Americans’ dialogue can be very dissimilar in different countries. People have different educations that cause them to have their own particular ideology. For instance, in America, when we meet new friends, some Americans tend to think you attempt to acquire something from them because you might use an inappropriate way to ask that make them feel embarrassed or aversive. Additionally, people from Hong Kong tend to ask some general questions with each other because we want to understand this person more. We are interested in him or her, yet it does not mean to obtain any benefits from them or get involved with them because we only want to make a new friend. If people, who come to visit Hong Kong, do not misunderstand the way we talk because most people form Hong Kong are interesting the Western cultures or just want to meet a new friends. Therefore, people have a different point of view caused by their growth nvironment. On the other hand, there is a huge difference between Hong Kong’s traffic rule and the Western countries. In American, when you drive on the road, you need to make way for pedestrians first, even though they are not follow the rules on the road, or you can make a right turn on the red light legally in a safety situation. For instance, when you are driving in a parking garage, you must stop your vehicle and wait for those pedest rians who need to cross the road. Otherwise, your behavior is considered to be discourteous. However, if you travel in Hong Kong, you must comprehend that drivers never make way for pedestrians and you cannot turn right during the red light on. If you do not follow the rule, you might get involved in an accident, and it is an extremely dangerous behavior on the road. Consequently, Americans should understand this kind of culture rule when they travel in Hong Kong. Remembering the differences between cultures can help them to avoid the dangerous situation. Finally, the traffic regulations in different countries will vary depending on their culture. Moreover, America is the most independent nation compared to Hong Kong. Since I came to America, I realize that people are very independent and we need to do everything by ourselves without any assistance. For instance, according to the book American Ways by Gary Althen, â€Å"It is not unusual for Americans who are beyond the age of about twenty-two and who are still living with their parents to pay their parents for room and board†(Althen 10. ) Americans have been taught to be independent since they were children, and they might need to lived without parents when they become adult. Both of the evidence can show Americans’ independence or responsibility for their own. Nevertheless, people from Hong Kong act on the opposite way of the Americans because the rental prices of an apartment in H. K. are more expensive than the United States; even most of adults cannot afford to pay such a price. Moreover, people from Hong Kong do not ask some dumb questions such as â€Å"are you still living with your parents† and so on; because we know living alone is not easy in Hong Kong. As the above people who travel in Hong Kong have to avoid to ask those question because it sounds very disrespectful. As a result, different countries have their particular way to define independence, and it does not have correct or incorrect. Even though Hong Kong and the United States have dissimilar ways of thinking in regards to culture, both counties are very unique. They both have their advantages and disadvantages in their cultures, but we cannot point out which is the best. In fact, we need to at least understand some common cultures of that country before you want to travel; it will help you to avoid many misunderstanding and get rid of any troubles.

Amanda Fisher Essays - Bartleby, The Scrivener, Bartleby

Amanda Fisher February 16, 2001 Bartleby, in Herman Melville's short story "Bartleby the Scrivener" is a character who lives his life in utter isolation. However, it is obvious from the story that he does affect one person's life. The narrator of the tale, an aged lawyer, is a caring figure, though not unlike most employers, keeps his distance and rationalizes each situation. He transformation into a sympathetic and affected character results solely from his rather limited relationship with his employee, Bartleby. When Melville describes Bartleby, he presents the man as a very innocuous, unassuming figure. "In answer to my advertisement, a motionless young man one morning stood upon my office threshold.... I can see that figure now ? pallidly neat, pitiably respectable, incredibly forlorn" (117). From the beginning, the narrator treats him no different from the rest of his staff; he is courteous, kind and treats the man with no disrespect. It is, however, obvious, the narrator is a primarily an employer. He hires Bartleby, and expects nothing more of him but to work hard. Bartleby does not disappoint either. He "seemed to gorge himself on [the narrator's] documents" (118). However, there is something amiss in this situation. The man is silent. He just works, isolating himself from the office and the outside world. He almost immediately begins to respond to any request with the phrase, "I would prefer not to" (118). At first, the narrator is obviously surprised at this response, yet also intrigued. However, he soon comes to dread those words, as they are the only ones said by Bartleby. For some reason, though, the narrator cannot let Bartleby leave. Even after Bartleby refuses to work anymore, he allows him to stay in the office, doing nothing. In doing this, the narrator has successfully moved from distant employer to concerned human. "In plain fact, he had now become a millstone to me, not only useless as a necklace, but afflictive to bear. Yet, I felt sorry for him" (127). Although Bartleby has no reason for being in the office, his employer allows him to stay, even allowing him to live there. This is most definitely not normal office behavior. It pr oves the narrator does have a kind heart, and increasingly is affected by Bartleby's passive existence as time passes. The narrator, an apparently logical, rational man, as lawyers tend to be, goes to great lengths to avoid conflict with the silent man. He even changes offices to rid himself of Bartleby. In spite of this, and perhaps even a result of it, he becomes even more entwined with the man. "Rid myself of him, I must.; go, he shall. But how? You will not thrust him, the poor pale, passive mortal... No, I will not, I cannot do that. Rather would I let him live and die here...." (132). Bartleby, in his solitude, has a direct impact on the narrator's life. For most employers dealing with and employee like Bartleby, surely force and resentment would be involved. Yet, this kind hearted old man does not treat Bartleby with any negativity. This alone should prove that the narrator is not the cold, calculated individual he is so often made out to be. As the narrator tries to remove himself from the situation with Bartleby, he finds that it cannot be so. After leaving his office to rid himself of the disconcerting presence, the landlord of his office suite is thoroughly surprised to find Bartleby has not left the premises. The first person the landlord calls upon to remedy the situation is, of course, the narrator. Grudgingly, the narrator ventures back into Bartleby's strange world of self-isolation and desolation. After the landlord has Bartleby thrown into jail for vagrancy, the narrator is the only one to go to see him, to try to help him. However, the vast lonliness of Bartleby's life has already reached it's final conclusion. In a death fitting for a figure of isolation, Bartleby has been successful in killing himself. Though not by obvious means, rather by a gradual resistance to food, Bartleby dies. "Strangely huddled at the base of the wall, his knees drawn up, and lying on his side, his head touching the cold stones, I s aw the wasted Bartleby. But

Notes on the Early Republic Essays

Notes on the Early Republic Essays Notes on the Early Republic Essay Notes on the Early Republic Essay artificially ncreasing the price to make domestic goods to be favorable and thus increasing the economy of the US The Democrats feel the tariffs impinge on Lasie Fair, because it provides unequal advantages to some which might otherwise be selected against and therefore the market is unbalanced. Andrew Jackson was the first president since Washington to give a farewell address. Lived 50 years under constitution, weve come out 0k, IVe got a few things to say, There have never been 13 millions of people involved in a political body who enjoy so much freedom threat to this will come from inside itself, from corruption and greed nd faction loaded word implying political division- and warns the people to guard against it. Jackson stands for the political development of parties and the lassie-faire economics which promotes the ideas hes telling everyone to guard against what he promotes individually, is he being hypocritical? Is it rather that he is putting aside his own personal ideas for the public good mirroring classical ideas of virtue, or is it rather that he feels his ideas at this point are satisfactory and he is warning against the intensification of these ideas in the future to a place out of control, not ecessarily that he is holding two contradictory thoughts in mind. The Market Revolution the free labor ideology A phenomenon from the 1790s to the mid 19th century, a development of commercial activity that is being done specifically for economic gains Main transition is going from a system where people were engaged in production for their own consumption or local exchange (barter or credit) farmers and craftsman who produce a little extra beyond their own needs. The revolution increasingly devote resources to develop a surplus to sell in distant markets beyond the local, important w the development of reat lakes (water) More employees brought in to increase production for distant markets Seeing the beginnings of what will become the industrial revolution, in New England, at the vanguard of change, textile mills, others mills, and the shovel shops right here in Easton, the Ames Factory Some argue that the modern capitalist system being radically developed in this period, is Just the normal workings of the ideas which constitute capitalism or if it was the product of 4 prerequisites ofa modern capitalist system Private Property comes from bourgeois property rights of the enlightenment, specially the means of production are privately held, envision the opposite in communism, where the workers own the factories or means of production, the factory and machines and processors are part of the owners being. A Free Market System A social arena in which goods and services can be exchanged no coercion, a voluntary system, free acting agents come to meet Labor Power as a Commodity Question of Workers, (keep in mind the authority the workers have to call the shots) But actually the productive capacity, the physical act which is different. Labor Power n a Capitalist society, the Laborer if free to sell his or her productive capacity as a commodity. In a slave society, or non free labor system, the employer still has to pay for labor like the slave owner has to pay for the slave themselves and for them to be sustained, but the employees are not paid. The slaves are less workers and more a means of production that is owned, when referring to the capitalist slave system the slaves were not human laborers, but rather the property as the means of production. Power of the State to Guarantee Laws passed and regulations established to ensure hese things coming to be. This is where, to date, political arguments arise debating how much the State can interfere to ensure these things. Healthcare, minimum wage, and bailouts What do you think Gideon Lee would say to the Workers? Stop Wining, get off you ass and work, if you were really persevering then you would not be selected against by the free market and you would maintain a more favorable position in economic society. Is the declaration a complaint on Just the conditions the wage workers are making or is it Just the frustration of the nature of perpetual servitude? Pretty much both. What is it about the slave metaphor in the Declaration? Why is it used? The treatment is equal to that of slaves even though the bounds of employers can be changed, the humiliation and constancy of lifestyle is equally deplorable They are being excluded from the boundaries of freedom, they feel that they have not had the power to control their own destinies, they are in a state of dependency, if freedom is independence, is slavery dependence. But is every form of dependence really slavery, think of children or women to their husbands but points still stand that they are not in control anymore and they dont think thats fair.

Museum of Islamic Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Museum of Islamic Art - Essay Example The Museum of Islamic Art, Doha Islamic art and culture goes back 1,400 years ago to the years of the Prophet through to the eras of the Caliphs and Ottoman Empire. Qatar has been known for the oil boom which led to massive and large scale construction works in the country in the past three decades. Many landmark buildings have been built within this period in strategic locations to maintain the unique features of the region. The Museum of Islamic Art (MIA) is located on the south end of the Doha bay and it is a major building located on the edge of the Doha harbor and it has unique and distinct features that makes it a might build that depicts Islamic arts in architecture, usage and construction. Project Initiation and Location The Museum for Islamic Art was designed by the architect, Ioeh Ming Pei who blended Islamic tradition and monumental modernism to create the structure (Ourousoff 31). The project was commenced in 2004 when the Qatari government announced the desire to build a major structure that will reflect Qatar's bid to become the cultural center of the Arab world (Skinner 1). Actual work and construction activities commenced in 2005 and this ultimately led to the completion of the project in 2006. The project reflected Qatar's quest to present itself as one of the most prosperous economies in the Islamic world with the highest gross domestic products per capita in the world (Skinner 1). This was reflected in the magnitude of the project and the resources committed to its completion. The location of the MIA in the city of Doha also makes it an extremely distinct work of engineering because it required a cross-functional role that involved marine engineers aside the normal construction site to ensure that the project remained within reasonable range. The project is located on a newly created Peninsular or man-made island that is protected by a seawall just off the harbor of Doha in the south of the city (Ourousoff 33). The project is meant to blend a set of different elements and present the Qatari nation and the Islamic world on an exceptional pedestal. First of all, the building involved an architecture that reflected elements of Medieval Arabic architecture that incorporated elements of palaces amongst great Arab leaders. Secondly, the building involved important and carefully calibrated to provide exhibitions for various categories of Islamic history and culture. This include the arrangement of exhibition spaces, galleries, library and an auditorium. The venue is meant to exhibit elements of various stages in Islamic history and will display works of art, numismatics, manuscripts and weapons. Socio-Cultural Elements of Qatar & the Islamic World it Depicts The Museum of Islamic Art was a project that was initiated under the auspices of Qatar's hereditary Al-Thani dynasty as an attempt to enhance Qatar's cultural status. To this end, the MIA was meant to bring together the relics, audience and artists to develop the cultural systems and structures of the country for the future (Hudson para 6). Upon deciding to build the museum, the Qatari Museum Authority, headed by Sheikha Mayassa al-Thani called upon the then 86-year old IM Pei to draw the blueprints and architectural plan for the museum (Hudson para 2). The Chinese-American IM Pei was called for retirement to assist in drawing

Positron Emission Tomography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Positron Emission Tomography - Essay Example The nucleus of an atom has nucleons and the protons collectively known as nucleon. The mass number is the total number of nucleons present in a nucleus. A nuclide has the following composition, Atomic number denoted by Z, the neutron number denoted by N and the mass number denoted by A. isotopes are atomic species having identical properties in chemical composition (Z) but different mass numbers (A). The atom’s outermost orbital electrons are involved in the chemical reactions and the chemical behavior will not change when the compound is labeled with radioactive isotope. In addition, the nuclear radioactive characteristics are not affected by the chemical composition of the atom. When a small volume of a system comprises of numerous particles that are confined together, then the system becomes unstable. An unstable nucleus then becomes stable by transforming itself through emission of particles and photons. This process is what is termed as radioactive decay, and when the nuc lides undergo through a similar process, it is called radionuclide. The radioactivity studies form the basis to understand the atomic nucleus. Initial unstable nucleus in the decay of radioactive nuclides is known as the parent and daughter is the final nucleus that is more

Organizational Diagnosis. Skype Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational Diagnosis. Skype - Essay Example McKinney’s 7S Model McKinsey’s 7S Model was developed by the business consulting company McKinsey and Company for serving business concerns with appropriate recommendations pertaining to the use of seven significant variables. The variables like ‘Style’, ‘Staff’, ‘Systems’, ‘Strategy’, ‘Structure’, ‘Skills’ and ‘Shared Values’ all beginning with the letter ‘S’ impact the internal environment of a business concern and thus needs to be effectively managed and levered by the managers (Falletta, 2005, p.14-15). The Congruence Model The Congruence Model based on assumptions like organizations is held to be open and dynamic systems and behaviors and interactions therein are studied at three levels like individual, group and system. Further the model divides the operating framework along three parts like inputs, throughputs and the outputs where resources like human, capital, technology and others are subjected to individual and organizational potencies and tasks to generate the desired output (Falletta, 2005, p.10-11). The Burke-Litwin Model The Burke-Litwin Model focuses on the aspect of organizational changes both relating to the parameters of business process and components involved. The model renders larger emphasis on factors that would lead to total transformation than other transactional factors. Significant changes identified by the model are such that tends to affect the organization in a paramount manner altering business philosophy, mission, structure, core values and vision and thereby giving new directions to proceed on (Falletta, 2005, p.26). Falletta’s Organizational Intelligence Model The Organizational Intelligence Model developed by Falletta focus on the identification of eleven essential factors that in turn contribute to the development of organizational performance through the process of engaging the employees in an enhanced fashion. The factors identified are both intrinsic and extrinsic in nature and thereby reflect varying impacts on the concern (Falletta, 2005, p.38-41). Open Systems Theor y According to the Open Systems Diagnosis Model the organizations are treated as open entities that tend to gain necessary inputs from the external environment in a spontaneous fashion aiming to transform the same into effective outputs. The outputs generated further contribute in the contribution of renewed level of inputs for the concern that are again subjected to processes to generate outputs (Falletta, 2005, p.7; National Defense University, n.d.). Force Field Analysis Force Field Analysis Model developed by Kurt Lewin focuses on identification of factors and triggers that contribute to the rendering of changes in the existing organizational systems and also such that act as potential restraints to such change process. The model in that effectively contributes to the achievement of an equilibrium state through addition of triggers to the change process and reduction of restraining factors (Falletta, 2005, p.4). Strengths and Weakness of the Different Models Model Strengths Weak ness McKinney’s 7S Model The model effectively reflects on seven internal variables related to a business concern that impact the efficiency and productivity of the concern. It reflects on the interrelatedness of the seven organizational variables identified. It reflects only on

The Execution Of Maintenance Work Construction Essay

The Execution Of Maintenance Work Construction Essay Building maintenance is synonym with the building. Building maintenance will be start after the construction of the building is fully completed. After the completion, most of the building need to be maintained because that will be use the building for the long term and maintenance also is implement is to provide and ensure the condition of the building is in a good condition and give comfortable to the users of the building. The building condition in terms of the design, materials, facilities, painting, cleaning and so on in the future either in a good condition, maintain without any changes or the building become worse or not well maintain will depend on the maintenance management. In order to ensure the building in a good maintenance, the organizing maintenance work is an important part in the maintenance of the building. The purpose of the organizing maintenance work is to examine how the maintenance works are organizes in order to maintain the building in a good organizing mainte nance. Therefore, these study presents the results of the ways in organizing maintenance work. INTRODUCTION Building maintenance normally regarded as the Cinderella of the building industry. The maintenance of the built environment affects everyone continually, for it is on the state of our homes, offices and factories that we depend not only for our comfort but also for our economic survival. Maintenance of the building will start from the day the builders and contractors leaves the site of the construction or after the construction is fully completed. Normally, all the building owners wants their building will keep the maintenance to a minimum cost and need the maintenance in a good and effective maintenance. In order to get the effectiveness of the maintenance, organizing maintenance work is required for the maintenance. Organizing is the managerial function of arranging people and resources to work toward a goal. The purposes of organizing include but are not limited to determining the tasks to perform in order to achieve objectives, dividing tasks into specific jobs, grouping job into departments, specifying reporting and authority relationships, delegating the authority necessary for task accomplishment, and allocating and deploying resources in a coordinated fashion (Anton, 2010). As a word, organization can mean an organization that is the process of getting something organized. Different organization will organize building maintenance differently. For example, two different local authorities will not organize their building maintenance work in the same way unless two different organization of the building maintenance will organized the building maintenance work in the same way is if they outsourced the provision of the service to the same company of the outsource contractors (Wood, 2009). British Standard Institution (1964) defines maintenance as work undertaken in order to keep or restore every facility such as every part of a site, building and contents, to an acceptable standard. The British Standard further explain that where there are statutory requirements for maintenance, the acceptable standard must be no less than that necessary to meet the statutory requirements (Seeley, 1976). Maintenance is also defined as any activity such as cleaning, painting and minor repair carried out systematically, on a planned cycle and based on regular inspection (Dann Timothy, 2007). It can conclude that organizing maintenance work is to examine how work will organized to best effect. Consideration will give particularly to the place of statutory control and guidance and the involvement of contractors. The value of the supervision and inspection will explore. The overall aim is to expose methods that are most likely to achieve the desired end-result of satisfactory buildings in which to live, work and play. ORGANIZING MAINTENANCE WORK MAINTENANCE PLANNING The Pocket Oxford Dictionary defines a plan as a method or procedure for doing something on the design, scheme, or intention. In term of building maintenance management, maintenance planning has both a narrow and wide definition. The narrow definition relate to preventive maintenance in the form of planned maintenance programmed. While, wide definition maintenance planning as an essential management tool for controlling all aspects of a building maintenance management operation and will include planned preventive maintenance programmed, planned levels of expenditure on day-to-day and reactive maintenance, disaster planning, and planned strategies of asset management in conjunction with a business plan or corporate plan (Wordsworth, Planned Inspections, 2001). The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyorsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ Guidance Note on Planned Building Maintenance defines the maintenance planning under five categories that are determining the policy for maintenance, deciding and preparing maintenance programmes and obtaining funds for them, getting the work done, controlling progress of work and budget expenditure, and monitoring the effectiveness of the programme (Wordsworth, Planned Inspections, 2001). The nature of the maintenance planning in the building maintenance involves determining systems and sequences of operation. This noted that maintenance planning must necessarily involve a level of prediction. The prediction is not only focus on the building stock and the deterioration, but also focus on the future policy of the owners or users of the buildings. The maintenance manager or maintenance department can deal with these uncertainties with a twofold oncoming, which are by collecting and analyzing sufficient information to place as much degree of certainty on the variables as possible and by recognizing that a level of uncertainty will remain and introducing flexibility and review options within the plan (Wordsworth, Planned Inspections, 2001). The collection of the information is to assist the maintenance manager to predict with some degree of confidence will be in the form of condition surveys of the property, details of costs and cost trends in building, and information re lated to the wider policies of the owners and users of the building. Care in such information gathering will enable the maintenance manager or the person who responsible for the maintenance of the building to reduce the uncertainty and permit effective planning to proceed (Wordsworth, Planned Inspections, 2001). In planning maintenance, an aim of the maintenance manager is to match the available resources with the workload. The effectiveness planning is difficult with this category of work because of the large number of uncertain factors involved. In view of the uncertainties, maintenance planning must be formulated at different levels and constantly revised according to the new information that is put into the system. Long-term programmes medium-term programmes and the short-term programmes were identified as a level of the maintenance planning (Seeley, 1976). SUPERVISION OF MAINTENANCE WORK Supervision is a management activity carried out to ensure that the work as in a plan will carry out correctly and expeditiously as what in the maintenance planning (Wood, 2009). Furthermore, the supervision of maintenance work was executed is to ensure that is of a satisfactory standard and in accordance with the drawings and specification. With the larger contracts, it is customary to employ a clerk of work who is constantly in touch with the job in order to supervise the maintenance work. Besides that, the clerk of work also is responsible to ensure that the maintenance is work as a planning. However, with the smaller contracts or smaller jobs periodic supervision only can be obtained often through the medium of architects, surveyors, inspectors or other supervisory staff (Seeley, 1976). Clerk of work must have an extensive practical knowledge of building materials, principles of construction and the execution of techniques in all trades. As a supervisor in the maintenance work, they need to ensure that all the materials and workmanship are in accordance with the drawings, specification and any other relevant documents. Furthermore, the clerk of work must to avoid their self from making any exorbitant demands or altering details or materials without getting the approval from the architect, surveyor or maintenance manager to whom he is responsible (Seeley, 1976). Besides that, the clerk of work will also responsible to prepare reports for consideration by the architect, surveyor, or maintenance manager. The preparation of the reports might be in the term of weekly, periodic or special reports (Seeley, 1976). Site meeting is also one of the supervision of maintenance work. This is one of the way to organizing maintenance work. Site meetings will hold regularly on larger jobs and are generally convened by the architect, surveyor, maintenance manager or any person who responsible for the supervision of maintenance work. The main objective of the site meetings is to ensure that satisfactory progress is maintained and to provide the opportunity for clearing outstanding points. Supervision of maintenance work is important for the all parties to get involves in the site meeting including subcontractors (Seeley, 1976). Adequate supervision of work to the new construction and of alteration and repair work need as one of the way in the organizing maintenance to ensure that the materials and workmanship comply with the contract particulars and relevant statutory requirements. In the absence of such strict supervision in the maintenance progress, inferior materials, poor workmanship and the omission of important details can occur resulting in subsequent trouble and expense to the building owner (Seeley, 1976). PLANNED INSPECTIONS A planned inspection is a formal systematic check carried out at predefined regular intervals against a detailed list of plant, equipment and activities. According to the Baiche, Walliman and Ogden (2006) work needs to check regularly to ensure compliance with legislative requirements (Wood, 2009). The purpose of the planned inspections is been carried out is to ensure the systematic examinations of all locations, facilities, tools, plants, materials and to observe how these are used by employees and contractors. By carrying out the planned inspections and through taking follow up action on any defects or unsafe working practices noted the maintenance manager or the person who responsible to maintain the building. Critically, planned inspections can effectively contribute to the provision of the safe working environment and reduce the risk of injury to persons, damage to equipment, buildings and to the environment. Furthermore, planned inspections are carrying out for a variety purpo ses including preparation a schedule of the facilities that need to maintain and their present condition, detecting misappropriation from predetermined standards and incipient faults that may result in such deviations developing before the next inspections. Other purposes are ascertaining the cause of the misappropriations, the extent of the remedial work necessary to restore to the required standard and prevent a recurrence of the defect, and the relative urgency of the work. Checking that previous work was done in accordance with the instructions and that the work specified was adequate also is a purposes and the reason why the planned inspections is required to carrying out in the organizing maintenance work (Wordsworth, 2001). The complicated design of the buildings and the great variety of the possible defects makes it necessary fully preplan the inspections and to provide comprehensive checklists to ensure that no part of the building is missed from the inspections. Appropriate criteria also should be laid down for each element, components, or equipments and the types of the inspections needed fully defined and documented. Planned inspections also include details of the form of the inspections (Wordsworth, 2001). For a greater consistency in organizing the maintenance work, special program macros should be prepared for each element and sub element, setting down the essential information required by the inspector with space to record the result and the recommendation of the inspections. For the later processing, a location code is required to assists and gives some information. To facilitate retrieval and computer processing of inspections, the facilities and elements should be grouped according to the lo cation and the periodicity of the inspections (Wordsworth, 2001). EXECUTION OF MAINTENANCE WORK Building maintenance is not a single industry and it can undertake by the outsource labor such as contractors, direct labor that is the in-house maintenance department of the building or combination of direct and outsource labor will maintain the building by own. The decision in choosing the labor either direct or outsource of the maintenance labor will depends on the number of criteria. The criteria is might be in terms of the design of the building, materials of the equipment, size of the building, number of the staff and so on. The structures of the maintenance organizations will examine together with programming and operational activities. Finally, the training of maintenance staff and the operation of incentive schemes are considered. Direct, outsource or contract, or combination of the both labor of the maintenance also one of the way in organizing maintenance work. The decision in choosing the type of the execution of maintenance work should compare the costs and services provided by contractors with the own directly employed labor forced, taking into account the availability of labor and the type and the location of the buildings that need to maintain (Seeley, 1976). Direct Labor Most public bodies have directly employed staff of their own specifically available to undertake building maintenance work compared to the private organizations. These may range from general, multi-skilled, or unskilled, handyman or repair person to a team of operatives with a range of skills. Direct labor usually provide a 24/7 service, or maybe the work from Monday to Friday (Wood, 2009). These individual normally known as a direct labor because the staff employed to execute the maintenance work directly employed as part of the client organization (Wood, 2009). The advantages of direct labor in organizing maintenance work are direct labor allows full control of activities of the maintenance. This type of the execution also should ensure good standard of workmanship by craft operatives who enjoy continuity of employment but recruitment may be a problem. Maintenance manager also can introduce and operate incentives scheme by using the direct labor in their organizing maintenance work. Last but not least, the advantages of the direct labor is particularly well situated for execution of emergency repairs as labor force is familiar with location of switches, manholes, operational services and services requiring particular or unusual skills for which employees can be trained (Seeley, 1976). On the other hand, the establishment of the direct labor maintenance force will require the provision and administration of supporting facilities such as stores, workshops, and transport. Besides that, a high standard supervision also required in order to ensure the quality of the maintenance services and the productivity of the services. Then, the experienced and efficient management also required in order providing effective labor relations and communications. Accounting procedures of direct labor organizations vary considerably and some rationalization would facilitate statistical analysis to general advantage. Nevertheless, direct labor has no debts, no costs of tendering in competition. However, on the other hand, often has a high rate of sickness and its higher ratio of staffs to operatives may exceed the contractorà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s profit element (Seeley, 1976). Outsource or Contract Labor Outsource or contract labor play an important role in maintenance work for keep the building in repair and maintain, and for the larger periodic works. Maintenance of lifts, swimming pools, fire extinguisher and other sophisticated plant mostly required special outsource or contract labor to execute the maintenance work (Seeley, 1976). Outsource or contracts labor will engage and employ when the maintenance work requires a particular skill, experience, or qualification. Furthermore, outsource or contract labors are contracted when the maintenance work cannot be entrusted to an unskilled person as the job or its outcome would be dangerous, potentially destructive or otherwise unacceptable, if not done correctly (Wood, 2009). Most of the construction work including repair and refurbishment will carry out by outsource or contract labor either as small firms or self-employed individuals (Wood, 2009). The advantages by employ outsource or contract labors are they are more professional in the attitude and skills due to expert in the field. Besides that, contract labor also more expose to the new technology skills and knowledge. Contract labor will equip with computer hardware and software packages. Furthermore, reduce the work on the maintenance work. This is because, by employ the contract labor, maintenance manager will not force to the staff and materials to be used in the maintenance work. Finally, it can conclude that it may preferable to confine direct labor to little more than emergency and schedules maintenance, and to use contractors for the seasonal, major and specialist work, although many efficient direct labor organizations would quarrel with this approach. Contractors need long term contracts to give the employer good service on advantageous term. CONCLUSION Building maintenance work is most important thing after the builders leave the site of the construction. The maintenance work is required to keep and maintain the building in a good condition, under control and supervision. The maintenance is not only for the users and for owner comfort but it is also for the economic survival. However, the effectiveness and the quality of the maintenance is depends on the organization of the maintenance in the building to organize the maintenance to best effect. Different organization will organize maintenance work differently unless the different organization will transfer the responsibility of the maintaining the building to the same contract labor of maintenance. Maintenance manager is the person who responsible in organizing maintenance works to best effect to ensure that the building is under the effective maintenance. Maintenance manager also must consider and implement the best way and approach in organizing the maintenance work. This study shows that maintenance planning, supervision maintenance work, planned inspections and execution maintenance work is a best approach to be used in organizing maintenance work by the maintenance manager. It can conclude that, organizing maintenance work will best effect by organize with the maintenance planning, supervision maintenance work, planned inspections and execution maintenance work. Organizing maintenance work will more proper, well organized and more effective and efficient by having the maintenance planning that is the maintenance manager can prepare the plan in long-term, medium-term and short-term levels of planning. Furthermore, supervision also can supervise the maintenance work during the progress. Then, the planned inspections can assist the maintenance manager to recognize the problems on that building. Lastly, execution maintenance work can assists the organization of maintenance building in order to keep and maintain the building more effective and organize by separated and grouping the tasks between direct and contract labor of maintenance.